Finance Basics

Finance basics are the general topics that make up the field of finance. Finance is the science of funds and asset management. Finance is about saving and lending (or borrowing) money. Finance also deals with the concepts of money, risk, and time, and how they are all interrelated.

The major topics of finance include:

The Time Value of Money

This concept is about the present value of money and the future value of money.

Annuities

This concept is about the present value of an annuity.

Perpetuities

This concept deals with the present value of a perpetuity.

Interest Rates

There are several types of interest rates including the Nominal Rate, Periodic Rate, and the Effective Annual Rate.

Probability Distribution

How to derive the Expected Rate of Return.

Standard Deviation

General statistical analysis.

CAPM

The Capital Asset Pricing Model and how it deals with risk and rate of return, then comparing the result to the risk and return of the overall stock market.

Bond Valuation

The more risky a bond is, the higher the interest rate, but the higher the chance of default by the borrower.

Stock Valuation

The different types of stocks (preferred and common) and the Constant Growth Formula.

Cost of Capital

How a firm raises money to build, expand, or take on a new project.

These are the general areas of finance.